Transforming Species Into Molecular Biology - 3591 Words

Transforming Species into Molecular Biology Between 1850 and 1950, the definition of what science was and what it could become radically changed through means of breakthrough theories, ideas and experimentations from scientists exploring the realms outside of the traditional religious views. The method of how science was conducted drastically altered as well. The development of new technologies allowed scientists to step away from simple observation, towards more sophisticated and complex research. Through those influential hundred years, one question remained, what is life? And how do we appropriately characterize it? Because of this, three of sciences revolutionary icons approached their respective inquiries in different manners. All three men used outside correspondences with their peers to help them develop their own assumptions and eventually revolutionizing the concept of science. Watson and Crick’s work, along with Darwin’s represent some of the greatest alterations of scientific thought and development of current common beliefs. In this disquisition, I will provide a brief biography of these men as well as their respective influences and the types of methods they used to create their deep-seated ideas. For example, Darwin found inspiration from previous scientists such as Linnaeus, Buffon, Malthus, Cuvier, and Lyell. men. These helped shape how Darwin thoughtfully and deeply observed the environment. Watson and Crick also compounded data from vying peers, suchShow MoreRelatedThe Discovery In 1953 Of The Double Helix, The Twisted-Ladder1608 Words   |  7 PagesThe discovery in 1953 of the double helix, the twisted-ladder structure of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), by James Watson and Francis Crick marked a milestone in the history of science and gave rise to modern molecular biology, which is largely concerned with understanding how genes control the chemical processes within cells. In short order, their discovery yielded ground-breaking insights into the genetic code and protein synthesis. During the 1970s a nd 1980s, it helped to produce new and powerfulRead MoreBiology : Study Of Living Organisms And Is Characterized As A Science1667 Words   |  7 Pages Nazanin Valibeigi Discipline Awareness: Biology Section 1: Biology is the study of living organisms and is characterized as a science. A biological research paper is a method of presenting and interpreting data gathered by an investigator in an experiment or investigation. Brenna Cannon is a biology student at George Mason University and lab assistant in Dr. Geraldine Grant s lab who s research focuses on studying idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), whichRead MoreThemes in the Study of Life5755 Words   |  24 PagesOverview: Inquiring About Life †¢ Organisms are adapted to the environments they live in. †¢ These adaptations are the result of evolution, the fundamental organizing principle of biology and the core theme of this book. †¢ Posing questions about the living world and seeking science-based answers are the central activities of biology, the scientific study of life. †¢ Biologists ask a wide variety of ambitious questions. ââ€"‹ They may ask how a single cell becomes a tree or a dog, how the human mind worksRead MoreMolecular Genetics 16s Lab Report Essay2106 Words   |  9 PagesMolecular Genetics 16s Lab Report Abstract A highly conserved gene will be used to identify a prokaryotic species isolated from the body. Fundamental lab techniques will be also explored and utilized, such as amplifying using PCR, cloning, and transforming the gene into a host cell. DNA electrophoresis and specific substrate plating will serve as analysis check points. The final product will be sequenced and compared to similar species to observe phylogenetic relationships. IntroRead MoreGenetic Engineering : The Field Of Human Biotechnology1490 Words   |  6 Pagesmodification, is a set of techniques for isolating, transforming, multiplying and recombining genes from different organisms. Simply put, it is the process of manually adding new DNA to an organism. Genetic engineering originated in the 1970s as a result of the discovery of several key techniques in molecular genetics. It is also referred to as recombinant (rDNA) technology. Genetic Engineering enables geneticists to transfer genes between species that belong to different kingdoms which have no probabilityRead More Genophilosophy Essay2576 Words   |  11 Pagesgenome project and all its implications including the functions and effects of each gene, the possibility of technological manipulation, what kind of freedom, history, and human being will eventually survive. Recent developments in molecular biology and genetic engineering are going to change our human being concept and a whole series of other philosophical and common notions, such as knowledge, subject, self, history, past, science, ethics, etc. The traditional idea of subjectRead MoreEssay on The Discovery Of The Structure Of DNA1526 Words   |  7 Pagesinjected with a mixture of live R-strain and heat-killed S-strain died from infection. Furthermore, he was able to isolate live S-strain bacteria from these dead mice. From this, Griffith was able to conclude that the heat-killed cells contained a â€Å"transforming code† capable of changing the harmless R-strain bacteria into the pathogenic S-strain. Francis Crick and James Watson are recognized as the main scientists involved in the identification of DNA and its structure, which is one of the most importantRead MoreCardiovascular Disease is the Leading Cause of Mortality in Developed Countries1555 Words   |  7 Pagesviral diseases [20]. NF-kB is a redox-sensitive transcription factor found in most cell types with a common p50/65 heterodimer. Inactive NF-kB dimers bind to inhibitors of NF-kB proteins (IkBs) and remain in the cytosol. Stimuli, like reactive oxygen species (ROS) and other inflammatory factors, may play a role in the activation of NF-kB [20]. Excess activation of NF-ÃŽ ºB has been implicated in human inflammatory diseases, like atherosclerosis. Due to the extensive involvement of NF-ÃŽ ºB signaling in humanRead MoreRecombinant Dna Techniques Essay1871 Words   |  8 Pagesaddition of water, grow and ferment at sugar concentrations of 3M, and can tolerate up to a 20% alcohol solution. S. Cerevisiae is regarded a s a model organism in molecular biology because since both humans and yeast are eukaryotes, it is assumed that studying S. Cerevisiae would allow molecular biologist to infer more about the molecular mechanisms that they both possess. However, this can only be done to a certain extent because the human genome is much more complex than that of yeast. ThereforeRead MoreA Short Note On Non Pathogen : Streptococcus Thermophilus Essay1815 Words   |  8 Pagesthermophilus is 1.8 million base pairs, making it the smallest genome of the lactic acid bacteria (1). Its genome is contained on one circular chromosome (7). While Streptococcus thermophilus may contain some of the virulence related genes that other species of Streptococcus carry, most of these genes are inactivated, not present, or are otherwise not expressed by the bacteria (7). Most strains of the bacteria do not contain plasmids, but some do contain motile elements or have developed others methods

Native American Art Understanding Native Oral Traditions

Native American Art: Understanding Native Oral Traditions Princess Edobor ARHI 367 In our world today there are many books and computer hard drives filled with the most current world histories. However, unlike the people of the west, the Native Americans did not keep chronological record of their past history.11 Since the Native Americans have no written histories, most of the history about their past come to us in form of stories passed down from their ancestors through generations. In order for the Native Americans to be completely understood their oral traditions must be studied and not cast aside as mere myths legends of an illiterate race. Problems often arise when we consider the use of verbal stories as a means of passing down knowledge due to the fact that over time we lose bits and pieces of a story. It definitely calls into question the reliability of the stories as accurate accounts of history and has caused many researchers to regard oral history as biased accounts compared with the presumed accuracy of the written word. The high regard given to writers also ignores the fact that writers can also be prejudiced in their writings. Though spoken word is much older than written word, the two methods complement each other with their unique attributes. For example emotions, gesticulations and intonations conveyed through the performance of spoken word is lost when converted to written word, but while spoken word changes over time, written word remains the same.Show MoreRelatedThe Ancient Songs, Stories And Art Of Native People1671 Words   |  7 PagesPatty Loew writes â€Å"the ancient songs, stories and art of Nat ive people are filled with symbolism and wisdom. In order to understand the cultural meaning of the people, places, and events that shaped their lives, we must not only read history, but also listen to it (Loew 11).† When we listen to history, it can be recognized by means of how the author acknowledges that written accounts of people and their lives does in fact offer a valuable source of information, but it diminishes in comparison toRead MoreThe Native American Iroquois Communities Essay1619 Words   |  7 Pagesserving more than 400 students. Out of this student population, 85% of students are economically disadvantaged. The school also serves students with disabilities (31%) and English language learners (6%). The dominating ethnicities are Black or African American (51%) and Hispanic or Latino (40%). This is an ICT fourth grade classroom with around 25 students between the ages of eight through ten. 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Native American groups raised questions about the biases and agendas of curators and museums and demanded that their voices be heard in the political arena. Many Native American organizations argued that if Whites are the ones interpreting and appropriating other cultures, then it is actually their culture on exhibition.(King 1998: 96,Read MoreThe Gender Construction And Distinctions Essay1186 Words   |  5 Pagesbrining about changes in the traditional matrilineal kinship structure of native lifestyles creating a profound effect on women and their status. Women were traditionally equated with â€Å"Mother Earth† being the giver and sustainer of life, as such, they held a profound connection to family and the land. They were primarily responsible for households, children, and agricultural endeavors which their people depended on to survive. Native communitiesâ₠¬â„¢ economic base was agriculture. This gave them considerableRead More Oppression of Native Americans1996 Words   |  8 Pagesthere was a scientific study on the brains of Native Americans called the craniology and phrenology. The Europeans examined only indigenous people’s heads and were forbidden to use any European’s brains. The Europeans did three experiments, such as decapitating the tops of the heads and filling them with sand to see if their brains were smaller than blacks. The Europeans also looked at the bones and said that if the bones were in a certain way (such as natives cheek bones being up higher) the person wasRead MoreUnited States Women s Histories1579 Words   |  7 Pagesabout changes in the traditional matrilineal kinship structure of native lifestyles creating a profound effect on women and their status. Women were traditionally equated with â€Å"Mother Earth† being the giver and sustainer of life, as such, they held a deeply felt c onnection to family and the land. They were primarily responsible for households, children, and agricultural endeavors which their people depended on to survive. Native communities’ economic base was agriculture. This gave them considerableRead More Native Peoples of Canada Essay3155 Words   |  13 Pages Native Peoples of Canada The Indian does not exist. It is an imaginary figure, according to Daniel Francis (The Imaginary Indian), invented by Europeans that originated in Columbuss mistake, as he believed he had landed in the East Indies, and developed into fantasy. Through the prism of white hopes, fears and prejudices, indigenous Americans would be seen to have lost contact with reality and to have become Indians; that is anything non-Natives wanted them to be, (5). Thus theyRead MoreEssay on Smoke Signals by Sherman Alexie2621 Words   |  11 PagesSmoke Signals by Sherman Alexie Smoke Signals is a movie written by Sherman Alexie and directed by Chris Eyre that deals with many social issues in modern Native American cultures. The film follows the journey of two Coeur d’Alene Indians, Victor and Thomas, as they travel from their reservation in Oregon to Phoenix, AZ in order to gather the personal artifacts of Victor’s father who has recently died. Along the way, Thomas helps Victor to understand and forgive his father, who left the familyRead MoreThe Effects Of Deafness On Deaf Children1669 Words   |  7 Pagescollectivism, identity, transnationalism, community, and Deaf Space. American Sign Language is a visual-based language that is the primary language used by Deaf individuals. American Sign Language benefits our society due to the language’s visual nature, which produces a creative expression that is otherwise not experienced in oral languages. Research done by Bauman and Murray has shown that â€Å"Deaf individuals who use American Sign Language have more well-developed peripheral vision, a greater ability

Emergency Management Free Essays

How would you rate the four phases of Emergency Management for meeting the challenges confronting this nation from terrorism? The information the National Situation Update for September 12, 2001 gives us on the activities following the attacks largely focuses on the response of resources. There seems to be an abundance of resources available to respond to each disaster area including emergency response teams, disaster mortuary teams, disaster medical assistant teams, urban search and rescue task forces, and incident support teams. Because of this, my thoughts are that in order to have such a response there had to be a certain level of preparedness. We will write a custom essay sample on Emergency Management or any similar topic only for you Order Now Therefore my top rated selection is the preparedness phase. Closely following is the response itself. For reasons previously stated the response phase is my second rated phase for this scenario. Multiple agencies from many different states responded with the appropriate resources within hours of the attacks. Thirdly, the recovery phase is my next selection of importance. This phase is the measure of how well prepared and/or how quickly the response was including lives and property saved. The recovery phase directly leads into the mitigation phase as the last phase to be implemented. The mitigation phase allows for evaluation of the response and recovery taking into account for the entire operation as a whole. It can be utilized as a teaching tool of what went wrong or right and how to do it better next time. Learning from a disaster and how the event affected the area it encompassed is the primary goal of mitigation. Based on the information contained in the National Situation Update for September 12, 2001 which of the following phases of emergency management were best fulfilled? Please place the four phases in order of which phases was best planned/implemented with the best implemented phase ranked first. Please justify your response. After reading the National Situation Update for September 12, 2001 I would place the following phases in order of best planned and implemented with the best-implemented phase listed first. * The response phase * The preparedness phase * The recovery phase The mitigation phase Overall, response was overwhelming. Multiple agencies from all over the U. S. responded to the disaster. These ranged from mortuary response teams to disaster medical response teams as well as urban search and rescue task forces. The response was excellent. Because no one prior to the September 11, 2001 could foresee the attacks, planning for such an event could not have been accomplished. Due to the fact that the U. S. had planned for other natural disasters in other parts of the country I believe that the preparedness for the attacks was next best met. Being prepared for other disasters that cause mass destruction and loss of life we were able to respond quickly and efficiently. Recovery was slow due to the magnitude of the attacks. Four separate events within hours of each other heavily tasked our resources and made for a long recovery process. Debris recovery was primarily lead by the U. S. Army Core of Engineers. However, psychological recovery has taken and probably will take many more years. Economic recovery has also been slow. As for mitigation, the damage had already been done. There was no way to know what was going to happen and therefore contingencies to lesson the effects could not be made. Mitigation in this regard comes into play with agencies like the Red Cross providing blood products for the injured, shelter for the disaster workers, and fund raising. As with all major disasters or accidents we learn each time we fall victim to them. Future events such as the September 11, 2001 attacks, now that we have experienced such an event, can be better prepared for. In this way we will have better response, more effective mitigation, and a quicker recovery process. In retrospect and in YOUR opinion (Hindsight is always 20/20),   if any singular aspect of planning and implementation for such a disaster could have possibly prevented 9-11 what could it have been? No, I do not think that 9-11 could have been prevented. WE have learned valuable lessons from that tragic attack, but it the terrorist took advantage of our security, and process of how we conduct our affairs. Now that we know what we know, we have changed our processes, and we continue to alter them. We have tightend our security. Our Intelligence forces now are able to put threats and information together that prior to 9-11 we wouldn’t have considered. What are some of the distinguishing features between a natural disaster and a man-made disaster such a 9-11? A natural disaster is an effect of nature such as a volcanic eruption, earthquake, or hurricane. These cannot be prevented but can be prepared for. A man-made disaster is a catastrophe or tragedy caused by humans. Such as bombings, the 9-11 attack, arson. These can be prevented. If a terrorist attack or another significant disaster were to hit the United States today that is similar to that which occurred on 9-11 or Hurricane Katrina were to occur today, which of the four phases of emergency management do you believe we would respond to significantly better today. Please justify your response. As with all major disasters or accidents we learn each time we fall victim to them. Future events such as the September 11, 2001 attacks, now that we have experienced such an event, can be better prepared for. In this way we will have better response, more effective mitigation, and a quicker recovery process. How to cite Emergency Management, Papers

Professional Practice In Impact Assessment â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Professional Practice In Impact Assessment? Answer: Introducation Australia being a highly multicultural society had always a high presence of the aboriginal people in various regions of the country. The ingenious Australians or the aboriginal people used to have vast existence in Australia prior to the period of British Colonization. Australia was considered as the land of aboriginals but there was difference that took place in Australia before and after the period of British Colonization. Due to Colonization, the aboriginal people was suffering from a threat of getting completely vanished away as there were economics number of changes that took place in the country which ere against the aboriginal people. The British Crown took possession of all the major land areas which were earlier sued and possesses by the people of these aboriginal people and the threats to their existence kept on rising in the period of colonization (Fitzpatrick, et al., 2017). There is a huge importance of land for the indigenous people as oppose to the white or non-indigenous people, there is another association of the aboriginal people with their lands as they are not only the lands that offers them employment but it is the key source of their spirituality as well as identity. As per the Foundation for Aboriginal and Islander Research Action, the aboriginal treat their land with utmost respect and importance as they are not merely some asset but are considered as their belief that they do not have a possession on the land but the land have a possession on them. Because of these aspects and spiritual beliefs attached with the land, the aboriginals are never ready to leave their lands (Anaya, 2004). The meaning of land for the non-indigenous and the indigenous people are different, Lands are the primary source of jobs for the aboriginal people and thus they are essential vital for them to take care of and have possession of the same. Because of the afterma ths i.e. dispossession, diseases and violence because of colonization in mid-1800s had resulted in a sudden and extreme decrease in the total population of the indigenous people. The colonization resulted in high cost of survival for eth aboriginal people and as a result they have to lose their independence, language, land, families and culture (Hamilton, 1990). Rather than giving adequate lifestyles and protection to the aboriginal people, these indigenous people were regarded as the wards of the state and policies were framing to marketing decisions whether these people have a right to live or not, whether they can marry or where they will be working. All such policies and negative impacts of colonization ruined and deteriorated the lives of the indigenous people in a complete manner (Langton, 2004). There was a full control of the lives of the aboriginal people and they were not allowed to perform any action or activity without prior permission from the Government. Because of the continuously increasing practices of colonization and framing of policies and practices, it became impossible for the aboriginal people to live a normal life as there remained a threat of one of another thing all the time (Gwynn, et al., 2015). Because of the colonization and several negative outcomes faced by the aboriginal people, the Government of Australia try to protect the aboriginal masses by governing them with the protection Act. In the beginning of the 20th Century, the various colonial authorities realized that there is an essential need to give protection to the indigenous population for easing the process of extinction and thus from there, there began the era of protection. But in the name of the protection, the masses were ruled by the authorities and there was left no kind of freedom with them to live, to follow their culture to do work. One of the key features of the act of protection was the establishment of the various reserves of government the portions of land which were assigned to the indigenous people to have their livelihood upon (Altman, 2001). The Christian missionaries were given power and authorities to have extensive control over the lives of the aboriginal people. The roles of gospel were misin terpreted with that of civilization and thus the missionaries found to be dominant upon the aboriginals instead of being serving and equal (McGregor, 1997). The aboriginal people were removed from their lands in a forcible manner and were made to live on the government reserves. In order to civilize the indigenous people, they were suppressing their heritage as well as the culture. And due to such forcible removal of the aboriginal people, the languages and culture of these people were robbed off and there was left no legal claims for their respective traditional lands (Gelder, 2015). By the period of 1911, each and every mainland territory and state had implemented the protection policies which subjected the aboriginal people to near full-control as well as restricted them to access the basic human rights comprising control over the property, custody of the children, freedom of labour, etc. (Barta, 1987). But due to continuously decreasing number of the aboriginal people as well as several issues raised in resect with their safety and security, there has been posed increasing emphasis upon the safety of the aboriginal people in past few years, and as a result there has been initiated several Government policies in respect with the safety of the aboriginal people and to eradicate any kind of negative implications of the business operations on the aboriginal people and sustainability of the environment (Smith, 2013). Current Position In the present scenario there are strict regulations as well as laws which have been framed for the protection of the aboriginal people as well s offering them security for their lands. According to Northern Territory National Emergency Response Act 2007, the aboriginal people have a complete right on their lands and no activities could take place in those assigned regions of the indigenous population. The businesses are also restricted to carry on any industrial activity in those particular zones. The aboriginal people have the right to give permission or not to have any activity on those lands (Vanclay, Baines and Taylor, 2013). There is another act i.e. Aboriginal Land Council Elections Act 2004, according to which the heritage and culture of the aboriginal people is required to be safe and secure from getting deteriorate and robbed off. For this, no business practices o other activities are allowed to perform which can impact or take away the heritage of these indigenous people. For the protection of the rights of the Torres Strait Islander and the aboriginal people, the Australian Government has also landed its support in the Declaration of the Rights of Indigenous Peoples which establish the minimum standards for the well-being, security, dignity and the survival of the aboriginal people (Short, 2016). The businesses are required to have certain norms and regulation which they are required to follow while performing business activities in order to maintain the safety and security of the aboriginal people. The businesses are required to have high level of respect and sensitivity while dealing with the aboriginal people and the communities. It is essential that the businesses must follow the culturally sensitive guidelines when they are dealing with the aboriginal individuals. Another important aspect towards the ethical and business responsibility which is required by the businesses to follow is to take use of the appropriate language (Colchester, 2016). There is not much difference in the language of aboriginal people but there is aboriginal English in which the people communicate. Thus, the businesses are also required to take care of those aspects while communicating. The other things comprise of making those people participate as well as do not undergo any kind of cultural biasn ess while transacting with those individuals. All these are the essential which are currently emphasize upon to respect the aboriginal people (William, 2015). Recommendations From the various analysis and understanding of the aspects of the importance of land to the aboriginal people, the pre and post situation of colonization for the indigenous people and the ethical and social responsibility of the businesses in respect with the aboriginal people and environment sustainability, following are the various recommendations for the businesses to maintain respect towards aboriginal people and consider about the sustainability of the environment: To have high social and ethical standards, it is recommended to the businesses that they must have job opportunities for the aboriginal people also so that the livelihood of these masses can also be improved. By offering the employment opportunities the businesses can participate in ethical sustainability and social justice (Bird, OGrady and Ulm, 2016). To maintain high level of environment sustainability it is recommended to the aboriginal people that they must not have any negative impact upon the environments sustainability as well as the lands of the aboriginal people. By maintaining eth standards and principles while business transaction, there can be attained high environment and ethical sustainability (Hanna, et al., 2014). The next recommendation for the businesses is to follow the protocol as well as the guidelines while communicating and must tale use of formal language so that the aboriginal individuals do not feel disrespectful. Therefore it is recommended to be conscious at the time of communicating with them (Bergstrm, et al., 2016). Referencses Altman, J. C. (2001). Sustainable development options on Aboriginal land: The hybrid economy in the twenty-first century. Anaya, S. J. (2004).Indigenous peoples in international law. Oxford University Press, USA. Barta, T. (1987). Relations of genocide: land and lives in the colonization of Australia.Genocide and the modern age: etiology and case studies of mass death, 237-253. Bergstrm, A., Nagle, N., Chen, Y., McCarthy, S., Pollard, M. O., Ayub, Q., ... Williams, L. (2016). Deep roots for Aboriginal Australian Y chromosomes.Current Biology,26(6), 809-813. Bird, M. I., OGrady, D., Ulm, S. (2016). Humans, water, and the colonization of Australia.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,113(41), 11477-11482. Colchester, M. (2016). Do commodity certification systems uphold indigenous peoples rights? Lessons from the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil and Forest Stewardship Council.Policy Matters,21, 150-165. Fitzpatrick, E. F. M., Macdonald, G., Martiniuk, A. L. C., DAntoine, H., Oscar, J., Carter, M., ... Elliott, E. J. (2017). The Picture Talk Project: Starting a Conversation with Community Leaders on Research with Remote Aboriginal Communities of Australia.BMC medical ethics,18(1), 34. Gelder, K. (2015). Thirty Years On: Reading the Country and Indigenous Homeliness. Gwynn, J., Lock, M., Turner, N., Dennison, R., Coleman, C., Kelly, B., Wiggers, J. (2015). Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander community governance of health research: Turning principles into practice.Australian Journal of Rural Health,23(4), 235-242. Hamilton, A. (1990). Aborigines, Asians and the national imaginary.Australian Cultural History,9, 14-35. Hanna, P., Vanclay, F., Langdon, E. J., Arts, J. (2014). Improving the effectiveness of impact assessment pertaining to Indigenous peoples in the Brazilian environmental licensing procedure.Environmental Impact management Review,46, 58-67. Langton, M. (2004). Emerging Environmental Issues for Indigenous Peoples in Northern Australia. InQuality of Human Resources: Gender and Indigenous Peoples(pp. 84-111). UNESCO-EOLSS. McGregor, R. (1997).Imagined destinies: Aboriginal Australians and the doomed race theory, 1880-1939. Melbourne University Press. Short, D. (2016).Reconciliation and colonial power: Indigenous rights in Australia. Routledge. Smith, L. T. (2013).Decolonizing methodologies: Research and indigenous peoples. Zed Books Ltd.. Vanclay, F., Baines, J. T., Taylor, C. N. (2013). Principles for ethical research involving humans: ethical professional practice in impact assessment Part I.Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal,31(4), 243-253. Williams, A. N., Mooney, S. D., Sisson, S. A., Marlon, J. (2015). Exploring the relationship between Aboriginal population indices and fire in Australia over the last 20,000 years.Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, psychology,432, 49-57.